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Warszawianka (1905)
"Warszawianka" is a Polish song written some time between 1879 and 1883.〔 The title, a deliberate reference to the earlier song by the same title, could be translated as either "the song of Warsaw" or "the lady of Warsaw". To distinguish between the two, it is often called "Warszawianka 1905 roku" ("Warszawianka of 1905"), after the song became the hymn of demonstrating workers during the Revolution in the Kingdom of Poland (1905–1907), when 30 workers were shot〔Ascher, Abraham (1994). ''The Revolution of 1905: Russia in Disarray'', Stanford University Press, pp.157-158, ISBN 0-8047-2327-3〕 during the May Day demonstrations in Warsaw in 1905.
According to one version, Wacław Święcicki wrote the song in 1879 while serving a sentence in the Tenth Pavilion of the Warsaw Citadel for socialist activity. Another popular version has it written in 1883, immediately upon Święcicki's return from exile in Siberia.〔〔 In any way, by the beginning of the next decade the song became one of the most popular revolutionary anthems in Russian-held Poland.〔 The composer of the music is unknown.
== Non-Polish variants ==
Its Russian version with altered lyrics, the "Varshavianka", once experienced considerable popularity. It served as a name for 1953 film ''Hostile Whirlwinds''. Gleb Krzhizhanovsky is usually reported as the author of the Russian version and the moment of writing the text is thought to be 1897, when Krzhizhanovsky was imprisoned.
The Spanish song "To The Barricades" is set to the same tune. In East Germany, a German translation was created and used as a common piece of marching music by the Army; whilst France's 1st Parachute Hussar Regiment adopted the same music using different lyrics. (An English version ) with altered lyrics was created by Paul Robeson, but never achieved great popularity. In the opening scene of the 1997 film ''The Jackal'', "Warszawianka" is played with footage of the October Revolution.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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